Nurse Led Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nurse Led - Essay Example -led clinics also conduct home visits with the patient and their family in order to evaluate their medications and to secure adequate follow-up and verify patient’s stability (Schader, et.al., 2008). They also maintain contact with family to address ongoing health issues and care transitions. The nurses in the nurse-led clinics coordinate patient care with physicians, ensuring that they would receive adequate and timely care appropriate to their condition and their related physical attributes (Rydeman and Tornkvist, 2005). For the more specific management of diseases, nurses in nurse led clinics assist in the patient’s self-management. These nurses support patient’s efforts in self-managing diabetes by engaging with the emotional context within which the patients live with their condition (Furler, 2008). They work with patients in a way which is consistent with how they incorporate self-care into their daily lives. These nurses also go through critical self-reflection while they are managing their patient’s condition in order to prevent the devaluation of the other support structures for diabetes. As implied from the above discussion, nurse-led clinics can be seen in the community and out-patient setting. They are often based in the rural areas or isolated areas which cannot easily access medical or hospital care. In the community setting, they provide support for hospital and doctor services. D. (2008). The emotional context of self-management in chronic illness: A qualitative study of the role of health professional support in the self-management of type 2 diabetes. BMC Health Services Research, volume 8

Integrating different perspectives Essay Example for Free

Integrating different perspectives Essay School violence is a growing concern in our schools at present, and it is a reality that we must deal with if we are ever to find solutions for these situations and how to prevent it form happening again. The world was shocked when the recent killings in Virginia Tech occurred last month and somehow it seemed irrational and illogical for an academically excellent student to have committed. But as the images of horror and violence flashed through the millions of television sets across the world, one asks what may have caused the person to commit such acts and what may explain his behavior. Violence is a form of aggression and it is often an outward or overt expression of anger and hostility which is a product of a perceived emotional affront or sense of persecution (Armistead, 1996). There are several psychological perspectives that have looked into the issue of school violence and it has been observed that most if not all of those that have occurred are extremely violent, with the use of weapons and guns and have resulted to the death of one or more individuals in school. There are also other forms of violence which may have gone unnoticed and unreported to school officials but nonetheless have probably involved bullying in its many forms; from physical, emotional, psychological, racial or even technology based. The cognitive psychology perspective says that violence is the end result of mental distortions and cognitive dissonance that an individual may have experienced in relation to his/her relationships and interactions in class and in school. For example, the Korean student who killed 30 people in Virginia Tech said in his video that he was seeking retribution or revenge from the rich kids in school, because he has suffered much from them. The sense of being insulted and humiliated may be imagined but to the student, it is his reality. He may have experienced or witnessed an incidence where a poor student was bullied and he had identified with the person so much that he claimed the action as targeting him. This mental distortion of what is real and not, of the building paranoia causes the person to behave in ways that may lead to violence. When the individual believes that he has nothing left, or that he has suffered so much that it is time to avenge himself in order to stop the mental anguish thus move the person to violent acts like shooting those he perceives as enemies, to burn the school that he feels have been unfair to him or to poison a class who have ridiculed him (Lowry, Sleet, Duncan, Powell Kolbe, 1995). Another perspective that explains school violence and violence per se is the biological and evolutionary psychology perspective. This approach says that there is a biological basis for violence, and that a child who has been violent early in life and who has parents who have violent streaks will likely become violent. The perspective argues that aggression is coded into the brain of the person and that it is a normal reaction that lesser animals have continued to exhibit as a means of protecting themselves from predators, and since we share the same instinctual drives. Violence is a behavior triggered by survival instincts, for example, a student who has been flunked by every teacher in his school may certainly lose the opportunity to graduate from high school or got to college. Now the school is the world of the student, it is where he/she builds relationships, accomplishes something, learns and thrived on. If the student is flunked, then he may cease his existence in the school, or is in danger of falling out from the group and losing his sense of belongingness (Menhard, 2000). This naturally is a threat to his survival in the school and thus would be moved to protect his existence in the school system; he may come to school and kill those who will prevent him from reaching his goals. Lastly, the social learning perspective says that school violence occurs because it is now becoming a social reality and that each child is exposed to so much aggression and hostility that it has now become a social construct that is almost an accepted aspect of the American educational system (Newman, 2005). Social learning theory argues that a child learns a behavior if it is rewarded and reinforced, it is also learned if it is shared and accepted by significant others in the child life. For example, if a child grew up in a family where violence is a normal occurrence, it may lead the child to believe that there is nothing wrong with violence. Moreover, if after hurting someone, the child is able to get what he/she wants, then the behavior in reinforced, if the child is praised for hitting the next door bully, then he would learn that hitting is not wrong. Media influence if not depicts and glamorizes violence perpetuate its perception as a normal aspect of human behavior. The peer group and the school is the most influential group in a student’s life, if the student is thwarted, punished and humiliated by either his peers or the school in general, his only recourse is to become violent in order to redeem his self because it is what people do when they are oppressed. School violence is painful, it is jolting, it is irrational and sometimes quite baffling, but what is common to all of the perspectives is that school violence is only a result, an end product that is brought about only by certain events and experiences and from which more effective means of preventing school violence can be developed. References Armistead, L. (1996).What to do before the violence happens: Designing the crisis communication plan. NASP Bulletin, 80, p. 31-37. Lowry, R. , Sleet, D. , Duncan, C. , Powell, K. Kolbe, L. (1995). Adolescents at risk for violence. Educational Psychology Review, 7, 7-39. Menhard, F. (2000). School Violence: Deadly Lessons. New York: Enslow Publishers. Newman, K. (2005). Rampage: The Social Roots of School Shootings. New York: Basic Books.

Personal Writing: The Day Of Surprise :: essays research papers

Personal Writing: The Day of Surprise   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"That's so cool!† I exclaimed. In my hand was a Valentines Day card which folded to make a spaceship. I was in a Hallmark card shop with my father, looking at cards for the upcoming holiday.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"If I got you that card now, then it wouldn't be a surprise later,† my father logically stated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"But it's neat! See, it folds into a spaceship.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I'll get it for you but... just act surprised for your mother when you open the card.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Okay dad,† I answered as we walked up to the counter. My father paid for the card and we left the store.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was a week before Valentines Day in 1987. I was nine years old and intensely anxious. Expectation for February 14 had overcome every other thought I previously had. It might seem funny to some that I held that one day with such great esteem, but to me it was unlike any other holiday. On Valentines Day I felt loved by everyone. On that day, I would obtain the card that I had picked out from my father. Classmates would give everyone Valentine cards. Some extremely generous kids would even attach candy to the cards. It didn't matter if you hated each other, on Valentines Day everyone put aside their differences and even presented cards to the children nobody liked. That one day of love seemed to unify the worst of foes through love and forgiveness. I could hardly wait for that day to come.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the night before Valentines Day had rolled around, anticipation had escalated to an all time peak. Nevertheless, it was all set aside as my parents once again started to fight. My brother and I were sent to the car in the garage so that we would not witness them fighting. We knew the routine. I was scared and I could still hear angry voices dueling back and forth. My brother was a senior in high school and even he seemed frightened when they fought. Although he tried to hide his fear, I knew he was afraid when my father would go on a rampage. An hour passed by and my brother and I decided to go back inside.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The house was still. A pin could have dropped and we would of heard it. My father had gone to lay down in his bed. This action was suggested by the marriage counselor that my parents had been visiting. Whenever my father got angry, he was supposed to rest until he calmed down. The problem was that he

Happy-haus Food Corporation Essay

Happy-haus Food Corporation is the mother franchisor of happy-haus Donuts. The company was established in 2005 by seasoned individuals in the donut industry. The company’s aim is to create quality donut products at affordable prices. Happy-haus Food Corporation is the mother franchisor of happy-haus Donuts. The company was established in 2005 by seasoned individuals in the donut industry. The company’s aim is to create quality donut products at affordable prices. This was realized with the birth of happy-haus Donuts, a franchising business, giving not only quality products at affordable price but also formulating a superb business opportunity to Filipino families. The company believes that luscious mouth watering donuts should be available to all Filipino families and not just to those who can afford expensively priced donuts. At happy-haus Donuts, total quality is assured through ingredients and equipments sourced both from the United States and locally following stric t quality control standards. Company Vision The company’s vision is to be the number one donut retail company in the Philippines and expand into nearby countries like China and Taiwan. The company’s principle is to provide high quality products at affordable prices. The company aims to provide this service to the Filipino people and eventually to other countries as well. In order to achieve this vision, the company continues to increase its production volume and invest in product development to provide quality and affordable donuts to Filipino families. The company ensures this attainment of this vision by: †¢ Continually seeking strategic locations to open outlets through franchising. †¢ Drive sales growth through a focused operations strategy. †¢ Prioritize innovation in product development and sourcing of alternative sources of raw materials. Company Mission The company’s mission reflects the ultimate reason for our existence. One of them is to provide a superb business opportunity to Filipino entrepreneurs. Another is to provide high quality affordable donuts to the Filipino market. And lastly, the company is dedicated to consistent improvements. Core Values Our company is committed to: †¢ Excellence †¢ Service †¢ Professionalism †¢ Social Responsibility

ex Education Should be Implemented to Grade-schoolers Position Essay

Ladies and gentleman good morning, today we will be debating about sex education. Sex education taught in the school system has long been debated as right or wrong. There are some who believe it is wholly wrong for the school to get involved in such a sensitive topic. They may believe this because they feel parents should do the talking or it may be down to religious reasons. First let’s define sex education so what is sex education. Sex education is instruction on issues relating to human sexuality, including human sexual anatomy, sexual reproduction, sexual activity, reproductive health, emotional relations, reproductive rights and responsibilities, abstinence, and birth control. Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers, formal school programs, and public health campaigns. The word sex, it is one of the few words that catch our attention. Whenever we see the word â€Å"sex† in magazines, newspapers and other print materials, we tend to stop at some point and become interested to read the article where it is written. It’s not because we simply feel the urge to read about sex but perhaps the â€Å"questioning self† wants to clarify and discover the truth about this matter. In liberal democracies, sex is viewed as a normal activity for both adults and teenagers. In the Philippines, it’s very different. Whenever we say the word â€Å"sex†, we are labeled as â€Å"rude†. No wonder why if we heard of â€Å"sex† we directly associate it to â€Å"vulgarity†. We cannot blame ourselves because we are living in a society with a stronghold of moral standards and conservatism. As a representative of the opposition we strongly oppose the implementation of sex education to grade-schoolers. Those grade school pupil who have pure mind and still immature we cannot afford to change the way of thinking of these innocent grade school pupil. It is still early for them to learn about sex education. Teaching sex education to grade-schooler at early age can greatly affect their way of thinking. A person who is 7-11 years old is still immature, they have a imaginative mind and curious to different things specially one that they still haven’t tried, so introducing them about sex education is very risky. There’s no guarantee that the person teaching it has a healthy attitude about sex, or that the teacher really knows anymore about sex that the students do. Sex education brings the information to the front, possibly giving kids ideas of things that they had never thought of before. Instead of just letting things goes by and take their natural course, kids begin thinking about it. They begin to wonder what it’s like and may make poor choices that they never would have if they hadn’t heard about it in the first place. There is also a possibility that they do what couples because of curiosity and immaturity. For teens and young adult are in the transitional stage or the experimental years wherein they are curious about many things and they are very impulsive to try something new, they always seek their selves from other, teaching them how to use contraceptives is a big no, once they learn about birth control and safe sex. The chances for having unplanned teen pregnancies are possible for they are not yet matured to handle such stuff. There’s a tendency that they might have multiple partners. Students may still also suffer from embarrassment or get excitable by the topic matter. Student curiosity will be set high and their urge to try it will be greater. This will cause them to engage in early sex, sex Education program is not the answer to any sex related problems of young teens and minors that have been undergoing at the moment. the schools responsibility is to teach reading, math, science, social studies, etc. Instead of teaching them sex education program, school should concentrate more in moral values, that sex is responsibility, that once done, you must ready to face the consequences and any challenges in life. That sex is sacred it’s not just for fun and pleasure but, it should only be done by couples for procreation. There is a right time for everything, so just like the sex education there is right time to learn about it. Sex education can be compared to a knife – it is useful to those who understand how to use it, but dangerous for those who do not. As parents, would you leave it to someone else to explain something potentially damaging to your children? If they will pursue with it, isn’t it awkward hearing kids say â€Å"Hey mama, can you review me with this condom, pills etc.

Military Service Essay Essay Example

Military Service Essay Essay Example Military Service Essay Essay Military Service Essay Essay This is why military service would be compulsory for all boys between the ages of 15- 25 who are not studying or employed. The crime rate in this country is increasing rapidly, with most of the suspects being idle young men, this problem needs to change, said Officer Tony Funnies, the head of the police force. Many young men who leave school at such a young age find it very hard to get employment; they therefore may end up stealing and getting involved in other illegal acts. Having them enrolled in military service can give them something to do which will decrease the number of boys on the streets and therefore the crime rate may also go down. By saying that this service should not be compulsory are we saying that we want the crime rate to increase and many innocent people to suffer? Military training can be defined as a process which intends to establish and improve the capabilities of military personnel in their respective roles. This means that young men who Join this training force can further their physical as well as their mental traits. A young man without proper schooling or education can gain more respect and consideration for others within a few months at this military force, Director Martin Freeman also stated in a television interview. These boys can now develop their qualities, becoming more obedient and hardworking youths. The Military Force of Trinidad and Tobago is a training school run on discipline and for those who cannot read or write , they are allowed to attend courses within the school in English and Arithmetic. This is a great opportunity for young men and should be compulsory for those not studying or involved in gainful employment because of the many qualities than can be attained while attending this military force. On completing the military training, Job opportunities become available to these young men. Even college degrees become available in a small emitted due to the fact that these young men did not attend educational schooling. Jobs such as national security officers, coast guards, police officers or even security for businesses or schools are available. If these young men who did not attend school were to miss out on an opportunity such as military training, they would not be able to find employment easily and therefore commit to a life of crime or illegal activities to enable themselves the funds to purchase food or even a place to live. Would you really want that to occur for these young men? This would cause an increase in crime and affect our country negatively. Military service and training should become compulsory for these boys because as we can see, without it, the crime rate would increase rapidly and the amount of street children would become overbearing due to the fact that they cannot help themselves develop in the world today. In Conclusion, there are many positive benefits of this service. These boys will be transformed to well behaved men and have many qualities that will help them to get further in life. They now have many opportunities and can have a brighter future compared to their life before military service. Yours Sincerely, Citizens of Concern

How To Pass Your NCLEX-RN Exam

How To Pass Your NCLEX-RN Exam Nursing school is hard. And the stress of passing your â€Å"boards,† or the NCLEX exam, is intense. Not to mention that the test itself is expensive, at $300 or more per shot. This comprehensive test for  professional licensure is  difficult- and is required to enter a career as an RN or LPN. Instead of stressing, which will be counterproductive, here are some strategies to help you pass.1. Relax- you’ve got this.You just finished nursing school, which was was hard enough. The material you covered on your school exams will be harder than about 70% of what you’ll encounter on the NCLEX- really. If you put in the time throughout your studies, you should be well on your way to a passing score.2. Understand that you can’t cram.Don’t even bother taking the test if you can’t budget yourself some time before to study. Get yourself an NCLEX Review Study Guide book, join a study group, take review quizzes and practice tests. Pay special attention to areas you had trouble with in nursing school. There are a ton of great products available online (NRSNG.com, the Medmaster course, the Lab Values course, the Cardiac Essentials course, Picmonic, Brilliant Nurse, Board Vitals, RNQuiz.com, and Kaplan’s nursing materials are a few to check out).3. Use your phone/tablet to its advantage.There are a ton of apps that you can use to study and prepare while on the go. Try NCLEX Mastery, NCLEX PREP, ATI RN Mentor- NCLEX Exam Preparation, UWORLD Qbank, RN Crush!, and the NCLEX ® Prep App. There are also lots of practice question resources out there, from NRSNG, GraduateX, Lippincott, and BoardVitals.4. Don’t overstudy.Once you’ve got something down, move on. Do general review from time to time to keep older material fresh. But put the books down the night before the test. Get a good night’s sleep, and don’t crack the books open again on test day. Just trust your gut and your preparation will get you th rough.5. Don’t second guess yourself.The computer adaptive testing module (CAT) is predictive, giving you questions at different levels based on your correct or incorrect answer to the previous question. Don’t freak out about the level of your next question. Just focus on getting the right answer. Don’t try to overthink what the system is giving you.6.  Know that you’re ready and able to ace this thing.Don’t go into the test thinking it’s an obstacle. Instead, use it as an opportunity to show the world what you’ve learned. Ace it!7. Practice active studying.Rather than just copying notes or reading through texts, rewrite those notes and texts in your own words. Take practice tests. Really stretch yourself to make sure the information sticks.8. Memorize where you have to.On the NCLEX-RON, you’ll mostly you’ll need to engage your best critical thinking skills. But there are a few things you’ll have to have memoriz ed cold. Get started on these early: disease symptoms, normal lab values, and drug side effects.9. Come prepared and relaxed.Show up early, in comfortable clothing, with all the things you’ll need to take the test: your ID, a snack, a water bottle. Make sure you aren’t chewing gum, and plan to leave your bag and electronics outside the testing room. Make sure you’ve eaten and rested and are mentally prepared.10. Stay cool.Try first to visualize the situation. Let your muscle memory help you get the answer. Next, eliminate all the answers you know to be false. Then take a deep breath, and go with your gut.Remember to prepare and believe in yourself. You’ve got this!

Operation Thriller, a Free Writing Competition

Operation Thriller, a Free Writing Competition Operation: Thriller, a Free Writing Competition A month or so ago, we had a nice chat with Monica Landers, the CEO of Authors.me, a cool startup looking to facilitate the submissions and acquisitions process for authors, agents, and publishers alike.We’ve been wanting to run a writing competition for a quite a bit, and Authors.me provided the perfect platform for us and our judges to handle the submissions and go through them. So we decided to finally do it and launch our first writing contest, Operation: Thriller, together with them.UPDATE:  As of 2018, we now run a weekly writing competition here at Reedsy! Click here to enter, and check out this directory for 300+ more writing contests around the web!  Ã°Å¸ â€ How to enter the writing competitionThe contest is open to all US and UK authors, and you don’t have to pay a thing because there is no entry fee. The only thing required is that you have written a thriller novel (i.e. a work of fiction of 60,000 to 90,000 words). The story must be for an adult audience and have a thriller intrigue as main component. Cosy crime or cosy mystery novels will not be accepted.. Paranormal or speculative fiction elements are allowed as long as the thriller intrigue stays predominant. For example, if yours is the first book of a dystopian trilogy, we won’t accept it, even if it’s fast-paced. However, we will accept techno-thrillers.If you have any doubts, feel free to ask here in the comments, or alternatively go ahead and submit, you’ve got nothing to lose after all! To submit, just head over to the writing competition’s landing page and click on â€Å"Enter the Competition†. You’ll be using the Authors.me platform to upload your book and fill in the details (metadata) about it, which makes it both easier for you to submit, and for the judges to review!You have until March 31st to submit your entry.The judges and the review processAfter that deadline, we will give our judges one month to go through the submissio ns to pick the three winners. You will be evaluated on all the usual elements of your craft by four seasoned professionals who do that for a living (read more about them here).Of course, special attention will be paid to the first few pages of your manuscript, so make sure that they're as strong as they can be before submitting! We'd recommend checking out our "query boot camp" column for advice on writing a thriller submission.We’re particularly happy to have two Reedsy editors among the four judges: ex Orion Books editor Joanne Glehill and ex Egmont Books commissioning editor Philippa Donovan, who both have extensive experience  in the thriller genre.The winners will be announced on May 9th, 2016.Awesome Reedsy and cash prizesWe have the chance to have some of the world’s best editors on the Reedsy marketplace, so we thought we’d allow the writing competition’s winners to benefit from their expertise – for free. We’ll be offering a free developmental edit to the first winner and a free editorial assessment to the runner-up.On top of this, Authors.me offers a free 1-year subscription to their premium service, Authors Discovery, to all 3 winners. Last but not least, there are up to $1,300 of cash prizes to grab.Here’s the exact break-out of the prizes for the three winners of the writing competition.Care to help us spread the word? Here's an easy for you 🙂 Check out this free Thriller Competition! #ThrillerWriter #writingcontest pic.twitter.com/3IcXtb90hr Enter the contest here! And if you have any questions, feel free to ask us in the comments. An "oh it's so cool you're doing this" will also be accepted in the comments 😉

Disneyland Hongkong Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Disneyland Hongkong - Case Study Example Nonetheless, with the quick expansion of the amount of theme parks, competition of theme parks is increasing as well. Keeping in view the growing amount of parks and the expansion of their activities, the continued existence of theme park has turn out to be a serious issue. Within Europe, the theme park industry goes on deteriorating because of a greying population, visitors that require better class and visitors that are more considerate as well as perceptive concerning how the accessible resources of spare time and disposable income are utilized. The 2008 financial disaster forced theme parks within Western Europe to arrive at its saturation point and the parks have to make provision for visitors who are becoming more and more knowledgeable as well as challenging. In the intensive situation, the majority of theme parks are making an allowance for extraordinary strategic alterations to recover clientele. China is a nation, which has created a centre of attraction for a huge amount o f foreign investment as well as global business from a large number of countries all around the globe. From being an underprivileged nation during the 1970s, China has industrialized into being on its way to develop into one of the financial super-powers of the world. In accordance with Surhone (2011), on the whole, China’s real GDP has increased with more or less 10 percent per annum form 1978; this is an aggregate raise of roughly 700 percent. The expansion of foreign trade has an annual average of more or less 16 percent during the same time, which make a total of over 2000 percent. Having completed its sixth full year of operations since its grand opening in 2005, Hong Kong Disneyland (HKDL) stays focused on being the leading holiday and leisure destination within Hong Kong. As one of the most admired paid places in Hong Kong, Disneyland is a vital factor in maintaining Hong Kong’s place as among the world’s leading cities for vacation visitors as well as bu siness visitors. HKDL is among the top 15 most liked theme parks around the world, the sixth within Asia and the â€Å"first in the Greater China region based on annual attendance, according to a public report† (Surhone, 2011). HKDL will carry on marketing its top-notch attractions, amusement and interactive experiences together with accommodation, dining and retail functions to develop its business. With the â€Å"Toy Story Land launch in November 2011 and the opening of the other two themed areas through 2013† (Surhone, 2011), HKDL will carry on to revive and increase its offerings with the aim of drawing fresh visitors and produce even better recurring visitation, identifying an growing marketplace as well as aggressive situation. Current Situation Hong Kong Disneyland functions by a joint-venture business of the Hong Kong Government and The Walt Disney Company. â€Å"The park cost $5.7 billion, of which the Government injected $3.25 billion and Disney Company inje cts $2.45 billion† (Choi, 2010). Hong Kong Disneyland is supposed to carry profits to Hong Kong in the future. It is anticipated that HKDL will create a centre of attention for millions of tourists every year, generate thousands of employment opportunities, improve the quality of life, and develop Hong Kong's global image. The HKDL was intended to give Hong Kong a net fiscal gain of more or less 150 billion USD during the coming 40 years. However, unfortunately, troubles have appeared earlier than gains. It was

Internet marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Internet marketing - Essay Example ating a good and long term relationship with the customers which helps the company in getting many innovative and creative ideas from the customers to better its service (Bailey, 2011, pp. 56-64). Starbucks website and social media pages are interactive and clients can ask questions and get answers to their enquiries in company products, locations and prices. They can also have their complaints addressed. Among the all the categories of marketing mix, the one which varies in case of internet marketing is the promotional activities as the product, place and price remains the same. Thus in this case Starbucks looks to promote its product using various social media websites by conducting events and attracting more number of customers. It also attracts the young generation by communicating the exact message across the customers regarding the value that the company creates for its customers. The price related to internet marketing is reduced compared to the marketing activities that have been done using other platforms. Starbucks is already using blogs and social media websites as tools for internet marketing. The company has always looked to use latest marketing techniques to reach the customers in better way. In future it can look to use other tools in internet marketing like SpyFu to know about the competitors’ strategies. Hub Spot internet application allows the company to track leads and maintain direct communication with clients. This sort of communication also allows for segmentation of the market into different sections so as to ease marketing (Chaffey, 2009, pp. 34-42). As of now, Starbucks most effective means of reaching their clients has been facebook, twitter and the company website. This could be because these sites have the highest number of users in the country and in the world. Starbucks uses the latest and available technology in its operational processes so as to provide good and high quality service to the customer. The customers have special

How People Make Economic Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How People Make Economic Decisions - Essay Example This decision involved comparison of marginal benefits and marginal costs associated with it. Establishing the auditing firm would offer me a better chance to exploit and realize my potential in the real world as I won't be tied to very stringent policies as those of my firm can oftenly be amended at will and hence more flexible. In case the auditing firm became a success, it would generate profits that would surpass my previous income by far. This will create more time me to pursue my own ambitions including working extra hours. Being my own boss is more satisfying and assuring in terms of mutual growth as the firm grows. It was easier for me to grow up the rank in my own establishment to the post of a CEO as opposed to my previous employment. Large capital and other resource requirement required to kick-start the auditing firm. Conforming to the legal requirement s (rules and regulations) of the state and regulatory authorities required for the auditing firm to be operational. Losing the job security that was attached to my previous employment and starting an auditing firm whose success was not certain.

Foundations for Cultural Competence in Arab Culture Case Study

Foundations for Cultural Competence in Arab Culture - Case Study Example A vaginal examination would enable the doctors and nurses to obtain vaginal samples that can be used in the diagnosis. The mother insists that the doctors and nurses should only give prescriptions without the examination, an opinion that contradicts with nursing standards of practice, as well as the definition of evidence-based practice. This paper will describe the best course of action for the nurse. The nurse should demonstrate understanding of Mrs. Nasser’s views and convictions concerning the issue at hand. Evidently, Mrs. Nasser’s concerns have a strong basis because if the virginity of the daughter is under compromise, it can destroy her life, making her a social reject. Therefore, the nurse should reassure Mrs. Nasser that her concerns are worth proper consideration. However, the nurse should also explain that prescription without diagnosis poses serious health risks and that it is unacceptable (Purnell, 2013). The nurse should elaborate the possibility of carrying out a vaginal exam that does compromise the virginity of the young girl. The nurse should depict a high level of understanding while giving Mrs. Nasser and her daughter the reassurance they need. Notably, nurses play a critical role in helping patients understand the available treatment procedures and choices. Moreover, nurses should provide patients and their family members with the emotional suppo rt required so that they can be willing to accept the available treatment options. Finally, nurses should prove to be highly culturally competent. Nurses should be able to exhibit culturally congruent behaviors and attitudes when delivering care to different communities. In this case, the nurse should demonstrate respect for the Arab culture. In addition, the nurse should have the required skills to carry out a culturally congruent assessment in order to determine the underlying beliefs and the opinions of both Mrs. Nasser and her daughter (Songwathana & Siriphan, 2015).

Correlation between Safety and Judgement (Pychology Static Research) Essay

Correlation between Safety and Judgement (Pychology Static Research) - Essay Example However, as the safety of a person depends on interpersonal skills as well as communication skills, the positive attitude also helps in gaining self confidence as well as keeping away from disasters in life. The usage and application of interpersonal skills depend on the surroundings and the ability of the individual to use his communication skills as per the needs. In this paper, 41 people of age groups 18 and 21 are analyzed according to the above mentioned aspects. The individuals selected are the people aged between 18 and 21 years, having mean age as 20 years. Hence, Mean age =20. Range = 3. Majority of the participants are Caucasian and the families belong to middle class. Participants visited the psychologist's lab all at a once, when they are given a test regarding their decision making and judgment. After that they met psychologist once in a month and out of 41 three of the participants visited once in three months for the first one year. Hence, for 38 participants the yearly visits were 12 and for three of them they were 4 each. Consequently, when the values of yearly visits are calculated, there are 38 values of each 12 and 3 values of each 4. The standard deviation for the above values is 11.4 and is nearer to the majority of the values in the visits data and hence the researchers considered the results. In the second year for the first six months, all the participants are asked to visit once in two months and all the participants fol lowed the instruction. In the next six months of the second year, they were asked to visit once in three months and at the last visit, the consequences of their judgment have been compared. Method In the research the individuals are given two consequences and are asked for answers. The first one is about an uncomfortable situation that demands a judgment to come out of it safely and the second one is about a normal situation that talks about the future situation. The participants responded according to their confidence level and amount of attribution. Researchers classified the 41 participants into groups according to their confidence levels and amount of attribution. As amount of attribution depended on confidence level, participants are divided into three groups basically having high confidence level as well as attribution (A), the high level of self control with resourcefulness (B), the participants having less confidence as well as self control (C). In group A, there are 12 participants, 13 participants in group B and 16 participants in group C. The division of the participants into three groups has been done based on the conversations during the visits in the first year. Moreover, researchers found that the resourcefulness of participants while taking a decision. While considering the resourcefulness, the researchers graded the decisions of the participants according to different situations that come over in the course of one's life according to the individual's community and profession. The safety and judgment results are as following according to the confidence, attribution levels of the groups. It is clear from the following graph, that the self control group that have high resourcefulness has shown greater safety for their judgments in the course of time.

Ethical Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Development - Essay Example Either way it is a stage that we all go through. For me, even with all the identity crisis, this stage was a learning process. My adolescence development was a success because of the immense support given by my parents and siblings. I am biologically mature and psychologically prepared to face the adulthood life challenges. During this time I learnt that honesty is a virtue. With the confusion of identity discovery, I learnt that doing things in line with my spiritual self was good enough to reconnect me with my lost source which is important to establish an ego structure. An ego identity is essential in making a career choice (Erikson) or even marriage partner and that is what I have to realize even though I am still on a journey to establishing my career. My adolescence stage, I can say, taught me the principle of commitment and trust. Even though fidelity was achieved, trust and commitment towards what we undertake mirrors the internal fidelity within. Trusting myself has enabled me to have a healthy relationship with other people. I believe having that inner intuition and an internal guidance system wil l help in making future life choices as well as keep me safe from myself. Like other adolescents I was caught up in the tension between internal forces within me and the society expectation of me. The pressure from the society on behaving in certain ways and dressing in particular manners was too much that it made me unsure of what I really wanted. In thought, the society needs to understand that it is a stage and leave the adolescents to go through it in peace, but if that was the case, we would all be a lost generation. In reality the society tries the best way it knows to bring sanity to the individual. What they do not understand is that the adolescent stage is a cunning one and if they do not rebel, they will do whatever is said for the sake of it. This was the challenge I

Correlation between Safety and Judgement (Pychology Static Research) Essay

Correlation between Safety and Judgement (Pychology Static Research) - Essay Example However, as the safety of a person depends on interpersonal skills as well as communication skills, the positive attitude also helps in gaining self confidence as well as keeping away from disasters in life. The usage and application of interpersonal skills depend on the surroundings and the ability of the individual to use his communication skills as per the needs. In this paper, 41 people of age groups 18 and 21 are analyzed according to the above mentioned aspects. The individuals selected are the people aged between 18 and 21 years, having mean age as 20 years. Hence, Mean age =20. Range = 3. Majority of the participants are Caucasian and the families belong to middle class. Participants visited the psychologist's lab all at a once, when they are given a test regarding their decision making and judgment. After that they met psychologist once in a month and out of 41 three of the participants visited once in three months for the first one year. Hence, for 38 participants the yearly visits were 12 and for three of them they were 4 each. Consequently, when the values of yearly visits are calculated, there are 38 values of each 12 and 3 values of each 4. The standard deviation for the above values is 11.4 and is nearer to the majority of the values in the visits data and hence the researchers considered the results. In the second year for the first six months, all the participants are asked to visit once in two months and all the participants fol lowed the instruction. In the next six months of the second year, they were asked to visit once in three months and at the last visit, the consequences of their judgment have been compared. Method In the research the individuals are given two consequences and are asked for answers. The first one is about an uncomfortable situation that demands a judgment to come out of it safely and the second one is about a normal situation that talks about the future situation. The participants responded according to their confidence level and amount of attribution. Researchers classified the 41 participants into groups according to their confidence levels and amount of attribution. As amount of attribution depended on confidence level, participants are divided into three groups basically having high confidence level as well as attribution (A), the high level of self control with resourcefulness (B), the participants having less confidence as well as self control (C). In group A, there are 12 participants, 13 participants in group B and 16 participants in group C. The division of the participants into three groups has been done based on the conversations during the visits in the first year. Moreover, researchers found that the resourcefulness of participants while taking a decision. While considering the resourcefulness, the researchers graded the decisions of the participants according to different situations that come over in the course of one's life according to the individual's community and profession. The safety and judgment results are as following according to the confidence, attribution levels of the groups. It is clear from the following graph, that the self control group that have high resourcefulness has shown greater safety for their judgments in the course of time.

Hinduism and Buddism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hinduism and Buddism - Research Paper Example The prayers are confirmed by marking Tikka, i.e., a red mark of vermilion on the foreheads. The goal of the narrator as a Hindu is to illuminate ignorance and become more spiritual. Discussion Questions 1. What cuisines are traditionally prepared at Diwali? 2. Why is Diwali celebrated at the end of year? 3. How many days does Dilwali continue for? 4. Is celebration of Diwali a means of spiritual revival for the Hindus? 5. How different is the celebration of Diwali between India and elsewhere? Strengths and Weaknesses a. I think that the video presented the topic well as whatever the narrator says, the video displays images with that. For example, when the narrator says that everybody gets into the prayer room, the video shows everybody assembling in it. Likewise, the coins are shown being washed in milk and being applied vermilion upon as the narrator explains what is happening. In addition to that, the accent and dialect of the narrator is such that each and every word is understand able. Secondly, the audience gets the complete concept of the Festival of Diwali as well as the underlying beliefs of the Hindus related to this event in a video of just 2 minutes and 4 seconds. Not only this, the video explains that the concept of gods in Hinduism is like a board of members, so that the audience does not get confused when the video shows the family first worshipping Lord Ganesha and then the Goddess Laxmi. b. It is a good video to show to those who do not know what is Diwali because it explains the concept of Diwali, shows a family praying upon and celebrating Diwali, discusses the significance of different gods and goddesses in Hinduism, and explains the reason Hindus illuminate their homes at this Festival. c. I had to do some further research to understand Diwali as this video did not discuss everything related to Diwali. One weakness of the video is that it only projects the perspective of the narrator. It would have been better if different family members were invited to express what meanings they associate with the event, though considering the time constraints, it seems justified. d. This video is useful for students and people belonging to all categories as all people in the video are dressed modestly, and there is no offence whatsoever. e. This video shows how Hindus get united at the Festival of Diwali and pray and celebrate it together. This spreads the message of tolerance, unity, and mutual harmony and understanding. Video II Video Summary This video covers Buddhism. The video shows paintings of the 500 disciples of Buddha in the North East India from the V century. In Sanskrit, they are called as Arhats. These disciples were intercessors and messengers of Buddhism. The idea was that they were enlightened while living among common people. These 100 paintings were compiled between 1854 and 1863. The paintings were intended to project Buddhist catechism. The essence of Buddhism is that materialistic world is deceptive and everythin g is in transition. The paintings depict the everyday lifestyle of the Buddhist disciples, their comfortable interaction with people as well as animals, and present a holistic picture of their culture. The paintings show everything from murder, wars, suicides, and fire breakouts to daily activities of the Arhats in a peaceful environment. Discussion Questions 1. What was the

A Place That Is Important to Me Essay Example for Free

A Place That Is Important to Me Essay I have lived in Bunbury for 15years. My family has occupied the house in which I live for 10years. I have two sisters and two brothers. I am the middle child. I have always felt that my home has been an important place to me. I have countless memories held within these walls, and almost all of them are positive. Home to me, has always been the roof above my head. Recently though, when my elder sister moved out, I have been lost by what home truly means. If I no longer feel a sense of home under my roof, then where is my home? I try to answer this by thinking about the places that are important to me. As I do this I come to the realization that there is no one particular location that screams of an overwhelming importance to me. I have a myriad list of locations that I have felt some form of emotional connection with. But does this mean that all these places are a home to me? Where is my home? Important places to me are those that you don’t think you could live without. When I think of a soccer field, a dancing stage, or a couch to simply lie and have movie marathons on, I don’t think about the location, I think about the people involved in the memories created there. These places are important to me, not because they themselves are important, but because of the amazing memories I have experienced there. So if I were asked if I could live without these places, I would say no. But does that make them all a home to me? And if not, where is my home? Maybe home truly is where the heart is. A phrase I have always thought to be corny, but now however I see some form of factual meaning behind. Home to me is all about that sense of security and love. Knowing that you are wanted. So does this feeling necessarily have to come from a particular location? Could it not be found simply by doing something, or being with someone? And if home can really not be about the walls around you, where is my home? I try to think about when I’ve been my happiest, my safest, when I’ve felt unbelievably accepted and appreciated. I can only here say with complete honesty that I think of my sister. I think of all the fun and laughs we’ve had together. I think about how I feel every time I get to see her, and how I feel every time I have to say goodbye. I’ve come to realize that without her ever-bubbly presence in my life I have changed a lot. I believe that we, as humans, never purposefully change. We simply adjust to new things, and without realizing it we find new people to help us breathe. These people fill me with the utmost joy and security. These people are my home. An important place to me is my home. To have that sense of belonging, and know that there is always someone there to take care of you. That is my home. I have learnt how to cope without my sister, even though it proves hard at times, I have learnt to cope. For as hard as it is to know that she’s not around, I know other people will be. And that’s all I need. That sense of place, to know that no matter where I am or who I’m with, I am loved for myself. That’s what’s important.

United States And The Summer Of Love History Essay

United States And The Summer Of Love History Essay The United States of America is a nation of pride, freedom, and culture. From the day the Declaration of Independence was signed, July 4, 1776, to present, 15 November 2010, numerous events have occurred that have shaped the lives, paths, and views of every citizen. The summer of 1967 in San Francisco, California was a summer that would never be lost in the eyes of the American public, and is a clear example of one of these numerous events. It was known as the Summer of Love. This summer was filled with new and different types of music, art, and literature which affected the U.S. as well as the world. This simple summer altered music within the American culture, freedom, choice, and trends in clothing, religious/life beliefs, the use of drugs, as well as the way people interacted with and treated each other. The Summer of Love was largely a part of the civil rights and antiwar movement, and as it developed it moved into the counterculture from which the Womens movement and Green move ment were developed (McCulloch). The economic markets for retailers as well as entertainers expanded drastically because there were so many new and popular trends and bands rising to the surface. San Franciscos 1967 Summer of Love had the strongest social, political, and economic impact out of all the events associated with the entire hippie movement throughout the United States, changing the people involved as well as the nation itself. The early 1960s was primarily when the hippie movement began. It mainly centered in the western part of the United States, mainly in San Francisco. The movement formed simply for the people who the behavior and values enforced by U.S. society (Home Front Turmoil: The 1960s, 288). It continued to expand greatly through multiple events during the 1960s, but the most influential event prior to the Summer of Love was known as the Human Be-In. The Human Be-In took place in San Franciscos very own Golden Gate Park just months before the infamous summer, January 14, 1967 (Layman, 322). Political liberation, ecological awareness, higher consciousness, personal empowerment, and other such ideals were what the event focused around. Various band and speakers from all around came out to promote their belief of questioning authority. Criticism and media attention was drawn after the event drew more than 20,000 celebration-craving hippies. More people began to migrate to San Francisco due to the w idespread news of what was going on (Perry, 9). For months prior to the Summer of Love, word echoed throughout the national media. Some college students who had read about the Human Be-In traveled to San Francisco during Spring Break to check things out. Others who were unable to make the trip then simply couldnt wait for the school year to be over, for the summer. Who knew that Haight-Ashbury District of San Francisco would be filled with more than 100,000 hippies only a few months later (1967: The Stuff That Myths Are Made of). The attendants consisted of mainly college and high school students, whom had just let out for summer vacation and eagerly joined in on the great movement they had been hearing about. A majority of the population whom attended the Summer of Love were part of the baby boom generation. During 1967, 20% of the United States population was made up of baby boomers between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four (Home Front Turmoil: The 1960s, 286). When the government tried to take advantage of the media and use it to prevent people from going, it simply persuaded people instead. These young adults saw an opportunity to meet up with people who shared the same ideals with them. Gain a chance to declare a new culture, and to create a new family among others of whom they were so alike. Many people purely just wanted to find freedom of both body and mind (1967: The Stuff That Myths Are Made of). A lot of changes and messages erupted from the Summer of Love, and the delivery of the changes and messages came in many forms. Potentially the strongest form of which was created was rock music. All around, the rock music scene consisted of more than just the music. It carried a new message, a new feeling, and new viewpoints. So many new bands and groups arose during this time simply because it was a time of change where people were so open-minded to the type of music and the protest-filled lyrics. Many well-known bands today were first discovered and heard at the Summer of Love. Some bands who were springing up were the Grateful Dead, Quicksilver Messenger Service, Big Brother and the Holding Company, Country Joe, the Fish, and Jefferson Airplane (McCulloch). Other rock musicians whom this counterculture centered around were the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Who, the Doors, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Bob Dylan, Arlo Guthric, and Joni Mitchell (Home Front Turmoil: The 1960s, 288 ). Before this summer, people were not nearly as open-minded, and music, especially rock, was not nearly as free. Many bands were inspired to break free from the norm and express their beliefs using their music after the album Sgt. Peppers Lonely Heart Club Band was released by the Beatles. The way the Summer of Love altered music was a huge social benefit (McCulloch). Not only was music punching for a change, but clothing, fashion, trends were also hoping to break free and create whole new life. In the years before 1967, London, England had the hippest fashion, and this was mainly because thats where all the strongest music and bands were located. When the center of music switched over to America, and the hippie movement told hold of teens and young adults, the trends followed and started becoming more and more popular. The teens of this era had enough power with their spending that it created a drastic boost in the United States economy. Females were starting to embrace Mary Quant style miniskirts and mini dresses, and although they were not allowed to wear jeans and pants to school, casual bell-bottom jeans began to creep into their wardrobes. Just like today, jeans were much easier to manage and more comfortable than dresses and skirts, plus they were cheaper and people wanted to use that extra money for more important things. Bell-bottoms were simply one item of clothing that every hippie possessed. Because it sort of went against the Establishment, hippies on the west coast started to lean towards the inexpensive indie clothing. The reason people loved this new movement in clothing was because they were able to get up and put on anything they wanted. Many common things that were worn by many of the trendsetting hippies included fringe suede jackets, southwestern Native American dresses, embroidered cotton shirts, bell-bottom jeans, angel wing sleeves, and leather fringe with beads (Gregoire). A lot of people also wore flowers in their hair as a symbol of peace and rejection of U.S. militarism and the Vietnam War. Hippies got their nickname flower children from this (McCulloch). This new look among the public was eventually spread throughout America, but was first sparked in San Francisco in 1967 (Gregoire). As trends with music and clothing seemed to grow exponentially, the recreational use of drugs was strongly involved in the Summer of Love. People were trying to find new ways and eyes to see the world through, and drugs were a psychedelic option which offered a whole new route towards enlightenment. The two main drugs were cannabis (aka: marijuana, weed, pot) and LSD (aka: Lysergic acid diethylamide, acid). The public found the naturalness of cannabis and the idea that LSD could expand the amazement and wonders of nature so appealing (McCulloch). LSD was used by 10 to 30 million people including members of the top bands during this time. A lot of the lyrics and styles of music were inspired by the use of drugs which created a symbiotic relationship. It has been presumed by many individuals that the John Lennons Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds off of the Beatles album Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band refers to LSD, but Lennon in fact denies that there is any relationship (Matus). Bo th LSD and cannabis were illegal, but that definitely didnt stop anyone following the hippie movement. Soon speed (aka: amphetamines) became an epidemic. It was used as a supply for cannabis and LSD, so as the demand increased, they supply started to decrease. It altered peoples minds causing health and hygiene to deteriorate making it one of the most dangerous drugs of the time along with heroine which was used by and killed numerous musicians. The overuse and horrible effects these drugs had during the Summer of Love are reasons why these drugs are illegal today (1967: The Stuff That Myths Are Made of). During the 1960s people felt so trapped in what was going on, mainly with the war. Hippies were rejected by their families for being far from conservative. Politics became a huge role in their lives and in the movement all together. They made their beliefs and political views through musical shows, concerts, folk songs, peaceful sit-ins, and other simple things (Huber). The Summer of Love was a merely a demonstration of a political voice speaking through a peaceful way that everyone could understand. The Summer of Love occurred during a time when many historical movements were happening for the United States. One of the most prominent protests was against the war in Vietnam. Many families were losing their sons to the war because of the draft. Many believed it was unfair that they were being forced to fight for something they did not believe in. Although the United States was in fact winning the war by this point, the cruelty of the killing and the war in general were motives behind the Summer of Love. The Hippie counterculture embraced new music, clothes, psychedelic colors, and the entire anti war movement. St Francis of Assisi was one who loved the environment, animals, the sick and poor, and was against war. The Summer of Love really aimed to stress his principles. These ideals were incredibly strong, and are still carried out today by politicians who themselves contributed to the hippie movement during the 1960s and the Summer of Love in 1967 (Just a Season, but It Lives On) . Only a few years prior to the Summer of Love, Martin Luther King Jr delivered a speech, known among nearly all Americans to this day that demonstrated some of the ideals the hippies shared and long to share with others. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. Dr. King (American Rhetoric: Martin Luther King, Jr. I Have a Dream). The Hippies followed Dr. King because he was suggesting peace and unity, which was what people were searching for at the Summer of Love. It had a lot to do with politics of the war and politics in general. The United States economy was affected by many things such as the new music and trends that were sprouting out, but the economy for the West-Coast, primarily San Francisco, was affected drastically in other ways. As people poured into the city for the hippie movement, Human Be-In, and mainly the Summer of Love, there was a great boost in the economy. The amount of houses bought and rented increased largely as well as the amount of food and other essentials being purchased. While this was a great thing, there were many people who lacked money. This caused people to flood into the streets. People started begging for the things they could not afford, shelter, food, water, clothes. Crimes broke out because of the enormous amount of need people carried for things. They would try to stop traffic by jumping on car bumpers to get peoples attention. The police would have to intervene and sometimes would leave people badly injured, and sometimes have to arrest out of control hippies. More poli cemen were hired as the situation went more and more out of control which hurtful to the economy because the more hired, the more it cost (1967: The Stuff That Myths Are Made of). Drugs were another downfall for the economy. Dealers were making large sums of money, profiting off of drug-craving hippies, but they were the only ones. People were spending all their money to get more marijuana and LSD that they had no money left for food and shelter. The Summer of Love had a strong impact economically, even if it was both good and bad. The Summer of Love had its ups and downs, but altogether it upheld a bold meaning, and ended strongly. The amount of people migrating to San Francisco was continually increasing at an outstanding, nearly ridiculous rate. People started joining in on the hippie movement and the Summer of Love because it was becoming popular. The popularity of it was merely commercialism. It became a victim of commercialism which is the very thing it was trying to reject. It was now becoming possible to buy into the psychedelic lifestyle. They could no longer continue on with something that was falling into the hands of what they were protesting against (McCulloch). On October 7, 1967, they held a parade known as Death of a Hippie, symbolizing the end of the Summer of Love. People who were planning on migrating to San Francisco to join in were advised to stay home, and spread the love among the people there. Others who were already in San Francisco traveled to new places to spread the love and the hipp ie ideals. As the season came to an end, so did the Summer of Love. The Summer of Love is scarcely documented on paper and the internet compared to other events in United States History, but it is documented in every individual who was alive and had a strong memory during the time. Anything can be written down on paper, but the only way that any person can easily recall an event is if it had a strong impact upon them. I was able to locate different articles that all together gave me what I needed. It was as if each piece and each memory from every person was a puzzle piece. Socially, the Summer of Love impacted clothing and music drastically. Economically, it brought and took away great wealth from the United States. Politically, it influenced the way many politicians in our government handle situations in the present day. The innocence and the belief of goodness in people that was carried travels on today. People were encouraged to try new things and say things that would have never said before. The Summer of Love was flat-out beautiful Angela Alio to (Just a Season, but It Lives On).

Business trip :: essays research papers

It is highly recommended that company officials visit the countries to examine the markets where they are considering selling their products before any transaction occurs a company can familiarize itself with cultural nuances which may impact the design, packaging or advertising of the product. Moreover, traveling abroad allows one to locate and cultivate new customers, as well as improve relationships and communication with current foreign representatives and associates Typically, a successful business trip requires months of planning Proper Documentation Visas: Visas are required by many countries and cannot be obtained through the Office of Passport Services. They are provided by the foreign country's embassy or consulate in the United States for a small fee. The traveler must have a current U.S. passport to obtain a visa; many cases, a recent photo is required. The traveler should allow several weeks to obtain visas, especially if traveling to developing nations. It is important to note that some foreign countries require visas for business travel but not tourist travel. Therefore, when company representatives request visas from a consulate or embassy, they should notify the authorities that they will be conducting business. Business people should check visa requirements each time they travel to a ccountry because regulations change periodically. Contact an Export Assistance Center to learn about documentation requirements for the countries where you will be traveling. Vaccinations: Requirements for vaccinations differ by country. While there may not be any restrictions on direct travel to and from the United States, there may be restrictions if individuals travel indirectly, by stopping over in one country before reaching their final destination. Vaccinations against typhus, typhoid, and other diseases are advisable even though they are not required. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) maintains a fax-back system and a homepage to advise travelers of current and accurate country and region conditions. To receive a document dial 888-232-3299 and follow the prompts. The CDC internet address is http://www.cdc.gov. Foreign Customs: Since foreign customs regulations vary widely with each country, travelers are advised to learn in advance the regulations that apply to each country that will be visited. If allowances for cigarettes, liquor, currency, and certain other items, are not taken into account, they can be impounded at national borders. Business travelers that plan to carry product samples with them may be required to pay import duties. In some countries, duties and extensive customs procedures on sample products may be avoided by obtaining an ATA Carnet.

The NYS prescribed learning standards

The NYS prescribed learning standards is an important resource for teachers as it identifies what topics and skills students should be able to learn and master in a specific grade. However, generating ideas for activities and lessons on a specific topic is a difficult task. A teacher has to find inspiration from his/her students and everyday life in order to make the learning experience more meaningful. As a teacher, the resources available for lesson planning and designing of activities are numerous; it could be from textbooks, from teacher resources in the internet or even from one’s colleagues.Active learning and inquiry as a teaching strategy can also be the same ways of thinking that would help teachers generate ideas on how to incorporate active learning and inquiry into one’s lessons. It is difficult to generate these types of activities because we have not been used to thinking about learning and the teaching process in this way (Johnson & Johnson, 1999). Moreov er, we know that these methods are more effective but since we have not been trained in it, it is very difficult for us to actually make the activity. We have to rely on preprogrammed or pre-designed activities and customize it to our own classroom experience.These approaches are not used very often in schools because teachers themselves are not that knowledgeable about the process, teachers need to be pushed and required to use it before any changes could ever happen. Active learning is evident in the video when the teacher instructed the students to discover what they can about the assigned task, there was no predetermined way of finding the correct answer, but the students where to use their imagination and previous learning to be able to describe and explain the subject matter of the study.

Market segmentation Essay

Market segmentation is simply a modern marketing strategy in which the market for your customers are divided in various several groups and segments based on some major key factors such as demographic, geographic, psychological and behavioural factors. By dividing the market, the sellers that that try to deliver good value to their customers will be able to have better understanding of their target audience and thereby make their marketing more effective. Market segmentation also helps to make the three areas of marketing which are, mass marketing, product differentiated marketing and target marketing. Market segmentation helps all these marketing types to customize their markets. Marketing segmentation cannot be complete without considering the following variables that assist it in segmenting its consumer market. Demographic segmentation The demographic segmentation divides customers into segments based on demographic values such as age, gender, family size, family life cycle, income, occupation, education, religion, race, generation, social class and nationality. It is often used for reason that the variables are easy to identify and measure. Age and life cycle segmentation The consumer’s needs and wants change with age. Therefore some companies uses age and life cycle segmentation, where age and the life cycle determine the marketing approach. Gender segmentation Gender segmentation is used to differentiate the needs and wants between men and women due to the fact that men and women have different attitudes towards a product. The gender segmentation are applied clothing, hairstyling, and cosmetics. Income segmentation Income segmentation divides the market into different income groups. It is used in automobiles, clothing, cosmetics, financial services and travel. Generation segmentation Each generation is influenced by times in which they grow, marketers market to a generation by using icons and images that is relatable according to the  generation Social class segmentation This type divides the customers according to their preference in cars, clothing, home furnishing, leisure. Although taste changes but many company design products for specific social classes. Geographic segmentation It divides customers into segments based on geographical areas such as nation, states, regions, countries. Psychographic segmentation This is derived from two principal types of customers: personality profiles and lifestyle profiles. Behavioural segmentation It is based on customer’s attitude toward, use of, or response to a product and they are divided further into various variables like occasion, benefits, user status, usage rate, buyer-readiness stage, loyalty status and attitude. 2) ADVANTAGES OF ADOPTING MARKET SEGMENTATION The use of market segmentation and why it will perform better than a business that does not adopt it are listed as follows: It will help a firm to be able to separate its customers and be able to reach profitable customers in supplying value and better customer’s relationship which in return will bring profitable value back to the firm. It will be able to help a firm to be knowledgeable on the type of product and market needed to produce for its customers. It will enhance the market structure of a firm in helping it locate new market and new profitable product for its firm. Smart enterprises use segmentation to continually monitor, quantify, and qualify the changing customers, in part to stay ahead of the competition. Segmentation data provides organizations with information to develop timely goods and services that profitably serve customers.

Essay plan Debussy

Brief outline of the methodology you intend to employ and an overview of the works oh intend to centre on: close with a ‘hooking sentence' which links to the opening paragraph of the mall body of your essay; these linking sentences should be provided throughout to give cohesion to your essay Section 2: (Debussy) Introduction to Debussy. Briefly discuss details IEEE; when, where born. Brief overview of other notable works prior to Prelude Other composers of similar style perhaps whom inspired Debussy His Freshness in context and relation to musicSection 3: (Prelude) What was Debussy inspiration for Prelude Mallard (poet music based on) Symbolism The thought process behind Prelude Section 4: (What made Debussy prelude such an important piece of work for the time) The flute motif itself, tonality and development or lack off Orchestration and how this was unique for the time (Instruments, doubling of flute part etc†¦ ) Tonality Direct association with the text reflected in mus ic The Golden sectionSection 5: How Debussy was at the forefront of Modernist music What elements of his musical Ideas were so unique and ‘Advanced' for the time How were other composers of the time Influenced by Debussy and In particular by the prelude Itself How did Debussy use of tonality, structure and orchestration develop after prelude In other composers works How did they develop In Debussy other works Section.

Health organization case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Health organization case study - Essay Example This is aimed at further personalizing health care, not to mention the enormous effect of trending innovations that continue to ensure patient satisfaction such as from receiving medical attention from the comfort of their homes. United Healthcare prides itself in the latest technologies in diagnosis, treatment and data handling (storage and processing) (United Healthcare, 2015). This will ensure better quality health care and faster service to reduce ‘crowding’ and ‘overwhelming’ situations. With appointments much easier to make and health related information readily availed to patients who can access them easily, prevention is fast becoming a major ally in further enhancing the United Healthcare’s readiness to addressing the health care needs of its citizens in the next 10 years. The main strategy to ensure United Healthcare’s sustained network growth is to become and retain its spot as the best destination for health care for various ailments. United Healthcare has additionally invested in new, fast, easy and personal technologies and innovations that make access to health care easier to persons in any parts of the country, or globe. These include resources such as myuhc.com, Health4Me mobile application, my Healthcare Cost Estimator, myClaims Manager and Your 24-Hour Nurse which among other things, enable patients/ users to receive answers to their questions, receive health tips and advice, book appointments with doctors, print IDs, estimate health care costs, view and pay claims, access claim forms, locate a pharmacy and change mailing preferences (UnitedHealthcare Online, 2015). United Healthcare also plans to build more hospitals and clinics that will compliment the over 5,600 such facilities already present all over the country in bids to aid its network growth and enhance patient satisfaction (reach). The organization also continues to enter agreements with businesses to

The American empire Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The American empire - Personal Statement Example Previously, a good number of individual’s perspectives were totally on their families and the society, a certain neighborhood was used to form feasible and economical empires which ruled the others. The African and Asian empires which were acquired by the western authorities through the industrialized rebellion came to an end due to foreign law that tore apart the restricted as well as the provincial ways of uniqueness that held the imperial firmness and endurance. The organization wanted neighboring associates but the empire was already paralyzed since the input in the system became impossible. Furthermore, the dominated populations are equipped ready to frustrate the colonial imperative. This is strengthened by the simplicity at which everything is flowing in the regions and largely the globe (Parsons, 2012) In real sense, the Roman has extremely so minimal significances to the current America. The United States and the orthodox Rome have a common blissful and afflicted exce ptionalism. This was experienced in America when Winthrop uplifted his people who wanted to inhabit the Massachusetts Bay Colony to the seven hills. From this time, different head of states described America in a similar way as how Cicero described the Romans and the faultless urban in the leading seven hills. Rome defeated many countries irrespective of their mightiness in different perspective like, corporal power as portrait by the Gaul, unevenness of the Carthaginians, Spanish who had the numbers , Greeks who led in traditions as well as the Latin’s and Italy who astute the intelligence and got the empire (Isaacson, 2007). As cited by Isaacson (2007), the major thing that strengthened the Roman authority for so many years was its triumphant armed forces. Others included the enlargement of the most recent technology as well as the large statistics of the new born alongside a firm council and more assets to keep their expectations. They also had an excellent way of disposin g waste, good infrastructure, and good machines for plumbing which other counties including America lacked. In times of war, Rome had to select from its overwhelming list of choices. The defense forces were largely made of very powerful warriors. In addition, they were in possession of incomparable horses, thus the combination was used as a great aspect in war. Using their total strength, on their flanks they enclosed their enemies thus overpowering them (Isaacson, 2007). They progressed unto the time hi tech was used to wreak fatal destruction upon their enemies using blockade equipments. Any nation that was defeated by the Romans profitably increased the treasury and the funds were in turn used by their defense forces in purchase of newest arms as well in encouraging the soldiers. By these attacks they claimed so many countries including Spain, France, and Italy, just to mention but a few. The Roman Empire also brought into knowledge the Christianity religion to Europeans, a fact that makes it of great influence to many things that were set to happen afterwards and this altered the globe at large. They will forever be remembered and honored for their strong principles, way of life and inventiveness. In contrast to other states like the earlier Roman Empire, America fails to satisfy the ever rising discussion of whether it is a modern empire since the normal form of imperialism rule is no longer a consideration in the present

Psych 1010 out of class activity 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Psych 1010 out of class activity 3 - Essay Example Normally, whenever I sit down, I usually tend to relax and slouch so that whenever I am tired, I have the tendency of lying down altogether. However, when I sit down to do a task I usually sit up straight with my shoulders up. Whenever I watch television or work in front of the computer, I typically sit on the couch or my bed with my legs crossed. On the other hand, walking for me is usually not too fast nor too slow but within the normal pace and I observed that whenever I walk, my toes are at an angle probably at 80-85 degrees. At a faster pace, whenever I am in a hurry, my toes tend to make a 90 degree angle with my heels. My free hand/s sway at an alternate manner with my feet loosely on my sides during a normal gait and tend to have longer sways when my strides are longer during a hurried walking movement. Altogether, my back is usually straight and my face focused forward so that most often, I am not able to notice the faces of those whom I meet. On the first day of my experime nt when I was sitting in front of the computer accessing my ‘facebook’ account in a relaxed mood, I observed that my shoulders were bent down. Looking at the pictures of my friends, I tended to sit up straight whenever I see images that amuse me or give me a happy feeling. Seeing the number of notifications, I got a mixed feeling of wondering who might have been making comments on my pictures and the excitement of knowing what my friends thought about them and this also kept my posture abreast. Being perked up and remembering to experiment on my emotions, I consciously bent down my shoulders and sought for my best pictures. My posture did have an effect on my mood, making me seem to have no interest in the pictures I was watching. There is this favorite picture of mine that really makes my day and when I came to it, my feelings lightened up making me smile and attempt a straight position but I intentionally kept my shoulders down and I noticed that in a few seconds, I l ost interest in looking at my picture and reading the comments. During the second day of my experiment, I was feeling quite gloomy. It was one of those days when one really seemed to have woke up on the wrong side of the bed so this caught an interest in me to see how one’s posture would really change one’s state of mind. I do not exercise but this morning I did a little stretching because simply straightening my back did not work as it seemed like a tough job to maintain a straight posture. I then stood up straightening and extending my clasped hands forward feeling my muscles stretch then made a bow position of my back while raising my clasped hands. Maintaining the position of my clasped hands, I bent to the right then to the left, feeling the little ache in my muscles and then I reached my clasped hands to the farthest it could go to my back, then I repeated the whole process three times. After which, I made three quick stretches on my shoulders, moving my arms for ward and then backward. I sat down and observed myself. There indeed was a change. I was feeling livelier and even almost unconsciously looked forward to what I was going to do during the day, stopping to think of the necessary things I have to accomplish and what other things I can do to make my day even better. In most part of the day, I tried to remember to take note of my actions and emotions and it did not turn out bad but actually, the stretch in the morning seemed to have worked a

Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Process - Essay Example l stage of the scientific method involves observation and since curiosity leads to new knowledge, the method of observation, which is simple, is considered as the process that defines the question (OConnor and Faille 6). Observations are directed at phenomena that cannot be explained by simply relying on the existing knowledge. Therefore, the observation process looks into phenomena that can be explained by explained by knowledge that has already been collected but can also be explained differently. What follows then is seeking to explain the particular phenomenon and the reasons influencing its occurrence. The step that follows entails researching the existing knowledge on the question that has been formed from the observation. For example, if a person observed that their car is not starting, the question will then be why that car is not starting. The knowledge that may be possessed by the individual concerning cars will be used in trying to figure out what may be the problem. The individual might also look into the manual or on the internet for information that may be related to the problem. If a scientist was in a situation such as this, he or she would look for more information from scientific journals that have previously published research that has been conducted by other scientists. Research on existing knowledge is carried out since the question that seeks to be answered might have been dwelled on before, or information that is associated with it may assist in coming up with a hypothesis. Establishing a hypothesis is the next part of the procedure of using scientific methods in solving problems. A hypothesis can be explained as a probable explanation for the phenomenon that was observed during observation. It is usually more than a simple guess since it is founded of a comprehensive review of the current knowledge associated with the subject. A good hypothesis postulates a cause-effect connection such as the reason why the car will not start is because

Organisational Learning Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organisational Learning - Case Study Example This is particularly demonstrated at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, as explicated by Jack Dwyer (2004). According to Dwyer, Eglin's Air Armament Center (AAC), under the leadership of Gen. Robert W. Chedister, has become a learning organisation in the true sense of the term. Making this possible, is the motivation and focus of each individual and each team within the AAC to use learning in order to increasingly produce results. This is the ultimate aim of the paradigm shift that Gen. Chedister is leading in his organisation. To facilitate the process of creating a learning organisation, Gareth Morgan (1997) suggests using metaphor in order to view the organisational structure. Whereas organisations during the Industrial Age were largely viewed in a mechanistic way, the human factor has increasingly imposed itself. Since the 1960s particularly, managers have increasingly begun to realise that job satisfaction and the meaning derived from the work day positively influences the quality of the work delivered. Hence the mechanistic metaphor for the organisation has also made way for a more organic, flexible, and generally humanistic view. within a certain environment that it influences and that influences the organisation in turn. As such, the organisation adapts and survives according to and in response to the changes in the environment. In this way, the mechanistic view of the organisation makes way for a much more flexible view, in which organisations are open systems that can adapt to change rather than being destroyed by it. At the basis of this is the recognition that an organisation is a combination of human, business, and technical needs. This is very important for the learning paradigm. Larsen et al. (1996) emphasizes that individual learning translates to the benefit for the organisational organism as a whole via systems thinking. Systems thinking entails that the individual focuses on a whole system, rather than only its parts. In this way, patterns of behaviour are derived from the systems observed at work, and team learning can ensue. This is why the vision of the workplace as an integrated organism is important. Each individual has a role to play, but these roles do not exist in isolation. Instead, each role affects each other role, and the organisation's success depends upon the quality of each individual's work. As mentioned above, understanding this integration provides the individual with meaning and motivation at the workplace. Understanding the effect of his or her own work on the performance and success of others, provides the individual with work satisfaction, and the motivation to deliver the best possible work. Innovation as Learning Paradigm According to Dwyer (2004), this is precisely Chedister's point of view. The latter recognises the current business environment as one that demands innovation in all aspects of the company, including training methods. Indeed, Chedister himself adheres to the organic, learning business metaphor by applying his own work experience to his plans for the future. It is his aim to create an integrated business model, by means of which Eglin's collective learning assets can be

Personality Psychology Essay Example for Free

Personality Psychology Essay Everyday, we meet different kinds of people. It can be our friends, family or new acquaintances. Some of them we already know or even share a common trait. However, it is not always guaranteed that we understand them always. They may behave in this way today, but will be completely different tomorrow. Just as genes contribute to the uniqueness of each one of us, personality in every person is also distinct. Personality is defined as the entire mental organization of a human being at any stage of his development. It embraces every phase of human character: intellect, temperament, skill, morality, and every attitude that has been built up in the course of ones life (Warren Carmichael, 1930). With this concept in mind, we can say that personality is the essence of the human being. He reacts to any life circumstances with his own personality. Psychology regards this as an important factor in understanding people. Personality can work itself on what you are now and how will you be in the future. Research efforts have been expended through the years on how personality develops on one person. Studies on the different patterns of behavior, feelings and thoughts that make a person have been experimented. David and Larsen mentioned in their book that the fundamental components of personality are the following: (1) consistency, which means that people behave in a recognizable order; (2) psychological and physiological, aside from the works of the mind, personality is also governed by biological factors; (3) impact behaviors and actions, it does not only influence how a person respond, but also causes him to act in certain ways and; (4) multiple expressions, personality is embodied not only on one behavior. Given these complexities, it has become a basis of school of thoughts to theorize a person’s personality. Nevertheless, most researchers unite on the fact that personality lies on biological and social systems. Early psychology attributes personality as influence of biological factors. These are what to be known as Type Theories. It tells us that it depends on a person how he reacts on the external environment. One can be extroverted or introverted. Another type of personality theories are the Trait Theories. According to the American Psychiatric Association, traits are enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of social and personal contexts. Traits can be considered also as a big player in defining one’s personality. Overtime, researches on personality has evolved. Earlier, it directs its focus on the person itself, but later on, psychologists acknowledge that the environment the person plays with also dictate his disposition. A person’s personality can change depending on what he sees on other people, not only what he believes in himself. Behavioral and social cognitive theories comprise the contemporary theories on personality. Together with the evolution of personality research, personality tests were also developed. These are very useful nowadays to educational and working environments where people are subjected to diverse kinds of people and experiences. Understanding a person’s personality is an important indicator to teachers and bosses, since this will aid them in handling other people. Personalities of people continue to be a mystery to most of us. However, with how psychology evolves, we can now, if not all, pinpoint the factors that will let us understand how people behave. True enough, it is still a very interesting topic to look on to, given the challenges of the ever changing society. Bibliography Buss, D. M. , Larsen, R. J. (2006). Personality Psychology: Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature. New York City: McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages. Robins. (2002). Overview of the proceedings of the 2002 meeting of the association for research in personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 539-540. Warren, H. C. , Carmichael, L. (1930). Elements of human psychology. Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin.

Mental Health Care: Legislation, Theories and Issues

Mental Health Care: Legislation, Theories and Issues Case Study, Working with Adults assignment (Mental Health). This paper is a discussion of the social work issues in the case of Mary, a 44 year old woman with a history of compulsory admissions under the MHA 1983. Mary has been variously diagnosed with bipolar disorder, psychotic depression: she is considered to have a borderline personality disorder and alcohol dependency syndrome. She is currently prescribed anti-depressants and a four-weekly anti-psychotic depot injection. Her 24 year old son, Pete, has a substance misuse problem, and lives nearby. Apart from support arising out of her contact with social services, Mary has intermittent support from her sister, Sophie, a social care worker who lives in a nearby town. The professional and clinical dilemmas implicit in Mary’s case are, arguably, highly indicative of wider problems in the diagnosis and care of the mentally ill . They are particularly relevant to the generic issues faced by social workers in many similar cases. Whilst it is obviously impossible to generalize, the fact remains that the type of care offered will ultimately depend upon the decisions made by the relevant professionals, a fact which brings into focus the complex system of checks and balances which has accumulated around mentally unwell clients and patients. As Golightly observes, ‘Mental health services are at a crucial stage of redevelopment which, by the time it is complete, will produce a service that is appropriate and responsive to service user needs.’ (Golightly 2008: p.2). Whilst this impetus is tangible and visible in various initiatives and policy changes, the fact remains that it ultimately depends upon a complex range of legislative, procedu ral and professional integrations, many of which remain very much a work in progress. Whilst this process is ongoing, it is up to practitioners themselves to mediate these processes in the interests of their vulnerable clients. Over and above this, it is important to retain an anti-discriminatory perspective, taking account of the preconceptions which may skew both analysis and practice in the case of certain issues. . As Thompson expresses it, truly anti-discriminatory practice must be ‘†¦part of a wider framework which reflects power and privilege differences and which hinge on social divisions. This brings us†¦.to the point†¦namely: if you are not part of the solution, you must be part of the problem.’ (Thompson 2006: p.78) 1. Critically evaluate the impact of salient legislation and policy in your work with Mary. The principle impact of salient legislation and policy in this case lays in the area of consent, and in particular the successive refinements to the processes through the client is adjudged to be either capable or incapable of determining the context in which their care should take place. Given that Mary has been compulsorily admitted under sections 2 and 3 of the Mental Health Act 1983 on five separate occasions in the last ten years, (the most recent only two years ago), it would seem that in her case the precedents militate against the obtaining of consent. As these episodes have also involved violence against both social work practitioners as police officers, any risk assessment would point to the fact of consent being unlikely, and appropriate contingencies being put in place as a matter of professional responsibility. The question is, do the intermediate consent arrangements introduced after 1983, and in particular the graduated approach to issues of consent which arise out of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the Mental Health (Amendments) Act 2007, offer practitioners – or Mary herself, a more positive trajectory? As suggested above, official intervention has taken the form of a whole new tier of intermediate legislation (discussed more fully below) which fills a perceived vacuum, and provides a range of new protocols for the social work practitioner and other agencies. As Bogg puts it, ‘With the inception of partnership arrangements between health and social care came awareness that the regulatory frameworks that governed each sector needed to be aligned.’ (Bogg 2008: p.9). Parallel to this development was the transformation of the Approved Social Worker (ASW) role into that of the Approved Mental Health Professional (AMHP). Questions remain as to the precise reasoning behind this development, and whether its provenance lays entirely in the re-framing of practice, or other contingencies. As Bogg points out, ‘While the initial implementation of the Mental Health (Amendment) Act 2007 will be to convert existing ASW staff into AMHP’s the opportunity for nurses, occupati onal therapists and psychologists to become ANHP’s will be available from the latter half of 2008, and these groups will therefore need to consider what this will mean for their practice and their professional perspectives†¦.One particular concern in relation to AW provision is that of an ageing workforce†¦the introduction of the AMPH enables other professions to take on the statutory role within mental health service provision, and potentially expands the availability and perspectives of the workforce.’ (Bogg 2008: p.116). 2. Critically explore the issue of consent and capacity with reference to Mental Capacity Act 2005 The facts of Mary’s mental health and her current emotional state would seem to suggest that obtaining consent from her would seem unlikely at present. It may be argued that the Mental Capacity Act 2005, and the provisions of the subsequent Mental Health Act 2007, represent the government’s cumulative response to converging concerns about individual liberty and the functioning of the human services with regard to mental health. As the government itself states, ‘The main purpose of the legislation is to ensure that people with serious mental disorders which threaten their safety or the safety of the public can be treated irrespective of their consent where it is necessary to prevent them from harming themselves or others.’ (Golightly 2008: p.48) They also encapsulate the dilemmas which beset government and jurisprudence in this sphere, and the hegemony of the European Commission of Human Rights over human rights law in general. In other words, the British government is not the master of its own fate with regard to the decision to deprive a client – or patient – of their liberty on the grounds of mental incapacity. The clearest evidence of this is the apparently intermediate status of the 2005 Act, which, although enshrined in UK law, awaits its substantive validation through other processes, as Golightly indicates. ‘Section 50 of the MHA has amended the MCA 2005 to provide safeguards for those incapable people over 18 years of age that are deprived of their liberty. The government hopes this will meet the requirements of the ECHR although we will have to wait until it is tested in the courts.’ (Golightly 2008: p.50). Putting aside this extended validation process, it remains to critically assess the allied issues of consent and capacity as they are dealt with in the 2005 Act. In the first instance, it may be helpful to understand the function of this legislation through its framing and provenance. The really novel and significant contribution of the 2005 and subsequent refinement in the 2007 Act arguably lays in the Deprivation of Liberty test and procedures, within which set out in Section 50 of the 2007 statute. Under this, if no authorization has been obtained under the DoLs, a deprivation of liberty can only be lawful through the satisfaction of two possible preconditions. Firstly, such an arrangement must be the subject of an order made by the court of protection under s.16(2) of the Mental Capacity Act. Subsequently, an application must have been made to the court under which such a deprivation of liberty is considered necessary in the meantime – either to save the person’s life, or prevent a serious deterioration in their condition. (Golightly 2008: p.50). These refinements were prompted by the case of an autistic man (HL) held ‘informally’ by the Bournewood Trust, a situation which gave rise to the hearing of HL v. United Kingdom. As Golighty reports, this situation was unlawful, because ‘†¦the common law of necessity is too vague and has too few effective safeguards to comply with articles 5(1) and 5(4) of the ECHR. Thus, HL was de facto detained and the DoLs represent the government’s attempt to remedy the problem that (the) Bournewood case highlighted.’ (Golighlty 2008: p.49). In effect then the 2005 MCA was designed to add definition to the informal and often legally flawed protocols, which social workers and other professional had evolved in the around the 1983 Mental Health Act. After 2005 a new tier was added to the hierarchy of actions to which these agencies had recourse: informal or voluntary admission under s.131: admission under the Deprivation of Liberty Procedures in the amended Mental Capacity Act 2005, or ultimately, compulsory detention under part 2 or part 3 of the Mental Health Act 1983. (Golightly 2008: p.48). The 2005 Act also initiated other safeguards, such as the system of Independent Mental Capacity Advocates (IMCA’s): for the first time, potentially vulnerable clients without the support of relatives or friends have a statutory right to an appointed, i.e. ‘non-instructed’ advocate. (Golightly 2008: p.51). This, it was intended, would furnish the client with both continuity of objective advice and a pastoral perspe ctive, which might otherwise be deemed lacking in the system of legal and clinical checks and balances devised for their care. 3. Provide a critical overview of protection and risk issues in this situation. From a legislative perspective, the problem is that some of the most alarming evidence is circumstantial, is derived from third parties, and may in fact be apocryphal. For example, neighbours have been reporting disturbances at erratic and unsociable hours, but this at best represents a general indication or suggestion that Mary’s mental health may be entering a difficult phase, or even deteriorating. It cannot, unilaterally, support anything approaching an admissions procedure: given that her son Pete, (who himself has a history of substance misuse), is apparently at her flat frequently, it is not necessarily the case that Mary is herself the cause of these ‘disturbances’. Conversely, it is quite possible that disagreements between Mary and Pete are the cause of the disturbance. However, given that they are both frequently in an altered state of mind, either due to mental health issues or either alcohol or substance misuse, the likelihood of being able to make an objectively worthwhile assessment based purely on investigation of this situation does not seem strong. 4. Critically discuss the role of inter-professional collaboration and practice in relation to Marys situation. According to the information supplied in the case study, those in contact with Mary currently comprise her social worker, the consultant psychiatrist, and the CPN assigned to her. From the information available, it seems that there is significant dissonance within the multi-agency effort to assess and plan for Mary’s needs. Principle amongst these is the position of the Consultant Psychologist, who has expressed doubts as to her diagnosis as mentally ill, and requested that she is transferred to the substance misuse service. He has further stated that a home visit – although requested by the care coordinator – is unnecessary, and that Mary should be ‘offered’ inpatient detoxification. This may prove to be either a major stumbling block, or, at the very least, a significant determining factor in the direction of Mary’s care. As Golightly points out, ‘Consultants will point out that they have clinical responsibility for the individual and hence medical-legal responsibility. This has been further compounded with the emergence of nurse prescribers.’ (Golightly 2008: p.139). At present, it is debatable whether o r not the consultant’s hegemony would be operable in the context of a tripartite formal assessment under part two or three of the 1983 Act. There is, however, a sense in which his current intransigence may eventually produce a repetition of Mary’s earlier compulsory admissions, if it contributes to a lack of action in respect of her current difficulties. As Bogg points out, ‘†¦the professionals involved need to identify with and own the team’s purpose and goals if there is to be effective multi-disciplinary cooperation.’ (Bogg 2008: p.35) 5. Drawing on a range of theories and approaches critically demonstrate the evidence base for your work with Mary and Pete. There are several principle theoretical frameworks which may be deemed applicable in the case of Mary and Pete. It is important here to recognize and retain the link between the theoretical base, the evidence base, and the pertinent policy framework. Given that the multi agency effort incorporates both social and clinical practitioners, the two theoretical models which should be applied are the social, the medical, the biopsychosocial, and the recovery. In this part of the discussion we will consider the case of Mary and Pete discretely within each variant. As Bogg observes, the social model ‘†¦places the emphasis of the condition on the consequence of the mental distress or disorder†¦instead of looking at symptoms and disorders as an entity in themselves†¦the social model focuses on the social consequences and how to improve the quality of life and wider responses the individual is facing.’ (Bogg 2008: p.44). From this position, it has to be recognised that the evidence base currently held is inconclusive in respect of the precise course of action which might benefit Mary’s condition. This is principally due to the subjective and fragmentary nature of such evidence: although, overall, it combines to present her situation as alarming, in fact the total of such evidence may be more than the real sum of its component parts. In other words, the specificity of each apparently negative social interaction – at Mary’s workplace, with neighbours, friends or relatives – needs to be looked a t in more detail before an accurate, overall picture can be agreed upon. Meanwhile, the medical model, again defined by Boggs, is, in its psychiatric sense, ‘†¦ordinarily a reference to the biological model. This rests on two principles: first, that mental disorder is a brain disorder, and second, that all mental events are neurological events. {Bogg 2008: p.45). The controversies thrown up in the space between the social and medical models have in turn produced more graduated approaches in the biopsychosocial and recovery models. In the case of Mary and Pete, with all of its implications regarding possible and actual substance dependence and misuse, the recovery model seems to offer the most realistic mean of empowerment. Given Mary’s history of psychotic diagnosis, the medical model obviously cannot be discounted, and will continue to represent a significant part of hr care. As Bogg observes, with acknowledgements to insights derived from Mahler and Tavano, recovery can offer ‘†¦both a conceptual framework for understanding mental illness and a system of care to provide supports and opportunities for personal development†¦.while individuals may not be able to have full control over their symptoms, they can have full control over their lives†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Bogg 2008: p.48) As in all similar cases, whilst the policy base provides an inter-disciplinary and multi-agency framework within which to organize care packages, the theoretical base may vary according to perspective employed. Howev er, the evidence base in Mary’s case strongly suggests that a holistic approach may gradually enable her to make her own choices about regaining control over her own life. It also has to be considered that at some point, the case worker may have to share their considerations of Mary’s case with the relevant ASW/AMHP, whose expertise and training may be helpful. As prior observes, ‘there is a concentration of specialist training in this one area. This concentration on some staff throws into sharp relief the lack of training opportunities available to others.’ (Prior, 1992: p.108) 6. Critically analyse and take into account the causes and impact of inequality and discrimination on Mary and Pete. There are, it may be argued, many possible sources of discrimination and inequality which may have impacted upon Mary and Pete. Some of these, taking into account the social model, are implicit in the structure of contemporary society: perhaps inevitably, some of these same factors feature in the practice of the human services. The situation in which Mary and Pete currently find themselves in relation to social services is, arguably, highly indicative of the transformations which have been required of the profession, and of the residual tensions implied by such transformations. Such tensions can be illustrated by comparing two intra-social work perspectives: one proposing a ‘Third-Way’ or ‘tough love’ approach to social issues, the other favouring a less sanguine, more interventionist position. The first of these approaches can be summed up in the position of Ferguson, who argues that ‘we now live in a post-traditional order where processes of individualization have resulted in the self becoming a reflexive project. Identities are nowconstructed by individuals themselves, rather than inherited and this has given rise to a new agenda of life politics. While it should not replace a concern with emancipatory politics and life chances, I am arguing that life politics needs to be at the centre of how social work is understood and practised today.’ (Ferguson, 2001: p.42). For those opposed to this position however, the idea of ‘life politics’ does not adequately replace earlier ideas of ‘life chances’, or the way in which these are systematically denied to certain individuals. For adherents of this position, an approach which addresses this problem should lay at the core of effective social work practice. As Thompson indicates, ‘†¦a social work practice which does not take account of oppression, and the discrimination which gives rise to it, cannot be seen as good practice, no matter how high its standards may be in other respects.’ (Thompson 2006: p.15). For some observers, similar concerns are raised by the idea that the empowerment of the individual can shape a holistic approach to their care, rehabilitation and support. As Adams points out, ‘†¦the difficulty with the empowerment paradigm is that its contemporary forms have all fed off anti-sexist, anti-racist, anti-disablist, and other critical, anti-oppressive movements, whereas its historical roots lie partly in traditions of mid-Victorian self-help which tend to reflect the dominant social values of that time. Whereas in theory, self-help is a neutral concept, in practice†¦it was wielded by the†¦middle classes to extol their own virtues.’ (Adams 2003: p.18). Essentially then, such disagreements may be related back to the question as to whether the contemporary transformation of the profession, as one implicitly focused on official targets and competencies, is the model best adapted for the care of clients, or whether a more problematical relationship would be better. As Jones expresses it, ‘social work must always be a difficult and troublesome activity irrespective of the government in power and the prevailing orthodoxies.’ (Jones, 1997: p.62) At a clinical level, the possible diagnosis of Mary as having one of a range of different problems may have profound implications for the way in which she is treated, both within the social care and health systems, and society itself. In a sense this is a technical question which relates back to the discussion of multi-agency cooperation, and touches on the question of diagnosis and a hierarchy of needs. As Bogg points out, ‘The criticism of diagnostic categories (such as the stigma created by giving an individual a specific label) is not dispelled or underestimated†¦and a diagnosis can hold as much detriment as it can benefit†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Bogg 2008: p.46). Ultimately, the restoration of her depot injection regime may be the trigger which decides the course of her care in the immediate future. Bibliography Adams, R., (2003), Social Work and Empowerment, 3rd Edition, Palgrave MacMillan, Basingstoke. Adams, R., (2002), Social Policy for Social Work, Palgrave, London. Adams, R., Dominelli, L., and Payne, M., (2002) (eds), Critical Practice in Social Work, Palgrave, London. Allen, J. A., Burwell, N. Y. (1980). Ageism and racism: Two issues in social work education and practice. Journal of Education for Social Work, 16 (2), pp. 71-77. Bartlett, P., and Sandland, R., (2003), Mental Health Law, Policy and Practice, Oxford, Oxford University Press. Bogg, D., (2008) , The Integration of Mental Health Social Work and the NHS, Learning Matters, Exeter. Croft, S., and Beresford, P., ‘Postmodernity and the future of welfare: whose critiques, whose social policy? In Carter, J., (ed) (1999), Postmodernity and the fragmentation of welfare, Routledge, London. Curran, C., and Grimshaw, C., (2002), ‘Compulsory admission to an NHS or Independent Hospital’, Openmind, Jan/Feb, No.13, p.29. Department of Health (2007), Mental Health Bill: Amending the Mental Heath Act 1983, DoH, London. Department of Health (2007), Mental Health Act 1983 Draft Revised Code of Practice (2007) Para4.4., DoH, London. Ferguson, H., (2001), ‘Social Work, Individialization and Life Politics’, British Journal of Social Work, 31, Open University Press, pp.41-55. Golightly, M., (2008), Social Work and Mental Health, 3rd Edition, Learning Matters, Exeter. Hewitt, D., (2007), The Nearest Relative Handbook, Jessica Kingsley, London. Jones, C., ‘The Case Against CCETSW’, Issues in Social Work Education, Vol.17, No.1, Spring 1997, pp.53-64. Parker, J., and Bradley, G., (2003), Social Work Practice:Assessment, planning, intervention and review, Learning Matters, Exeter. Parton, N., and O’Byrne, (2000), Constructive Social Work: Towards a New Practice, Palgrave, Basingstoke. Payne, M., (1995), Social Work and Community Care, London, Macmillan. Prior, P., (1992), ‘The Approved Social Worker: Reflections on its Origins.’, British Journal of Social Work, 22 (2), Open University Press, pp.105-19. Reid, W.L., and Hanrahan, P., (1981), ‘The Effectiveness of Social Work: Recent Evidence’, in Goldberg, M., and Connelly, N., (eds), Evaluative Care in Social Care, Heinemann, London. Rowland, N., and Gross, S., (2003), Evidence-Based Counselling and Psychological Therapies, Brunner-Routledge, Hove. Sheppard, M., (2006), Social Work and Social Exclusion: The Idea of Practice, Ashgate, Aldershot. Thompson, N., (2006), Anti-Discriminatory Practice, 4th Edition, Palgrave MacMillan, Baingstoke. Thompson, N., (1998), Promoting Equality: Challenging discrimination and oppression in the human services, MacMillan, Basingstoke. Thompson, N., (2000), Understanding Social Work, London, Macmillan Press. Watson, J.E., (2008) ‘The Times They Are A Changing’ – Post Qualifying Training Needs of Social Work Managers’, Social Work Education, Vol.27, No.3, April pp.318-333. Watson, F., Burrows, H., and Player, C., (eds), (2002), Integrating Theory and Practice in Social Work Education, Jessica Kingsley, London. Weale, A., (1978), Equality and Social Policy, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London